Removable cylinder



Dec. 26, 1933. R. DYMOCK REMOVABLE CYLINDER Filed May 2, 1932 Patented Dec. 26, 1933 i UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Application May 2, 1932. Serial No. 608,652 Q ,3 2 Claims. (crane-3) This present. invention refers to cylindercontaining machines of anykindand more particularly it consists, in a new and improved arrangement of removable and replaceable cylinders or cylinder walls in such machines.

by ,IIhe costs of buildingcylinder-containing machines, such assteamor gas-engines, pistonpumps, compressors, and the like, are rather high, because the manufacturing factory must provide for a great variety of casting-forms, and

, other' accessories to, supply all kind ofsuch machines for diiferent sizes, and furthermore because in the manufacturing of such a machine as one solid piece a rather great number of faulty castings, distorted or otherwise misfit machines are liable to happen; and'the repairing of faulty or misfit machines requires much and rather expensive labor. On the other hand the owner of such machines is often inconvenienced and put to great expenses, as soon as the necessity of such repairs or of substituting another machine of larger size occurs. Thus the object of this invention is to provide an engine block with a separate removable cylinder, or cylinder wall, that may be conveniently replaced and renewed, as, according to my invention,both the cylinder and the engine block are made or shaped sothat the cylinder or cylinder wall can easily, quickly and readily, and with but little milling or machining of the block and cylinder; be made to fit properly in the engine blockand line up perfectly with the crank-shaft of the engine, at the same time forming an equal cooling space all around the cylinder with an equal expansion around the latter, incidentally sealing the said cylinder, or water jacket casing, thus formed, against leakage of water. Another advantageous feature of the present invention consists therein, that the removable cylinders or cylinder walls allows the manufacturing of different parts of the machine out of diiferent materials, thus for instance combining a machine-bed or frame made out of cast-iron with cylinders made out of steel or aluminum, or metallic alloys, exactly as the specific conditions of the use of the machine may require.

In order to obtain the aforesaid and other useful effects in carrying my inventive idea into practice, I have devised a machine-frame or engine block provided with preferably conically slanting fixed shoulders or adjustable collarrings, and on the cylinders or cylinder walls to be built into the said block I provide other preferably likewise conical shoulders to cooperate with the first-said shoulders or rings, and in assemof Water, and further serves to bring thecylinder .walls in the machine-frames or engine blocks by means of setting and locking-rings, screwbolts or other suitable fastening means. In con-- sequence ofsuch construction quite a numberof cylinders of different sizes may be built into the same machine-frame ,or engine block simply by usingcorresponding variations in the thickness and size and'slantof the cylinders, and of the setting shoulders, collar-ringsand locking-rings.

' In, order to make the invention more clear, I have shown in the accompanying drawing two embodiments of my device, whereby in the drawing:

I Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a cylinderholding part of a niachine frame or engine block with one cylinder built into it.

Figure 2 is a cross-section according to the line IIII in Figure 1. l

Figures 3 and 4 are a section according to the line III-' III, and a cross section' respectively of a slightly modified locking-ring for fixing the end-part of the machine-frame or engine block 11, which may be'rnade out of cast-iron, has a wide cylindrical bore 12, with a slight conical chamfer at itsextreme end, into which chamfer is insertedand fastened the collar or abutmentring 13 of a triangular cross-section. The said ring acts as an efficient seal against the leakage Wall in "perfect alignment with the crank-shaft, and other corelated parts. At the other end of the cylindrical bore the machine-frame or engine block is provided with an inner thickening or shoulder 14, having likewise a conically slanting ring-face.

The cylinder 15, to be built-in into the machineframe or engine block, is near both ends provided with outer circular enlargements 16, 17, which possess slanting ring-faces to correspond to the inner slanting-faces of the abutment-ring 13 and I of the shoulder 14, respectively. The end of cyl-- 1 inder l5 beyond the enlargement 1'7 has an outer screw-thread,-on which is'screwed the ring-shaped lock-nut 18. Into the accessible face of this ring- 110 ,1, tion.

' cooperating slanting-faceson nut 18 are cut four or more recesses 19, to catch the claws of the wrench, which is to be used for the screwing-fast or for the unscrewing of the ring-nut. The cylinder fastening ring-nut 18 has further at its circumference a great number of radially extending fins 20, to be used for locking 7 this ring-nut in its cylinder-fastening position,

so that it cannotbe unscrewed accidentallyby the vibrations of the machine in operation. To this end the front-face of the enlargement or shoulder 14 is provided with a number of slight grooves 21, arranged in a circle round the ring-nut 18, just below the path of the fins 20, when the-ringnut is screwed on the screw-threaded end 21,,of the cylinder. When the cylinder 15 is set into absolutely correct position within the machine frame or engine blocl; 11, and the .ring-nutlS is screwed fast to keep it in this position, then the fins; which; to that momentare extended straight radially as showninFigures 1 and .4, are bent down into the said grooves2l, thus locking the ring-nut 18 in its cylinder-fastening posi- I The. hollow space 12 between the, cylindrical end-part 11 of the machine-frame or engine block and the cylinder 15 built in into it may be used as a jacket for a circulating medium,',such ,as- I water or steam either;

to cool org to. heat the working cylinder. 15 according to the special needs of that particular type of machines, in which the construction is to be used 1 ii I Gasket-rings 33 may be inserted between the the abutment-ring 1 3, and on the rear-ends of the cylinder 15, and likewise between the front-end thickenings 14 and 1.7, and further between the.,cooperatingfrontfaces of the shoulder 14 and the ringrnut 18;

these gasket-rings will facilitate at the same. time ie true setting of the cylinder. during the as,- sembling operation, and will helpito, tighten the heating or cooling jacket, after the machine has been assembled.

In the second embodiment of the invention,

5 shown in Figure 6, the end-part of-the machineframe orbed 2:2, containstwo cylindricalbores 231,2;lside-by-side, into which are inserted the two parallel working cylinders 25, 26. .The broad ened and conically slanting rear-ends 27, 28 of 1 j the two cylinders are with interposition of abut- .ment rings Selfset into theconic-ally chazn fered ends of the bores in the. machine frame or engine block, whereas the. slanting front facesof the *front-endthickenings 29, 30 of the cylinders are set into corresponding inner slanting faces at the front-ends of the cylinder-bearing part of the machine-frame or'bed. Ring-nuts 31 of the be fcre described type are screwed on the threaded extrerne front ends of the cylinders 25, 26,; and the radially extending peripheric fins 35 of the ring-nuts may be depressed into corresponding grooves 32 on the front-faces of the cylinderbearing part of the machine-frame or engine block, exactly in the same manner and with the same result as it has been described in detail with reference to the first embodiment of the invention. Further, in this. embodiment likewise gasket rings may be inserted in the difierent pairs of co-operating slanting-faces, or frontfaces of the machine-parts to be assembled.

It is obvious that changes may be made in the form, construction and arrangement of the several parts, as shown, within the scope of the ap pended claims, without departing from the spirit of the invention, and I do not therefore, wish to limit myself to the construction and arrangement shown and described herein;

WhatI claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters. Patent of .the United States, is;

1'. TheQcOinb'natif nhwith" engine ,bloclg of a removablecylinder wall formed 'withoutwardly extending enlargements, at its" top and near ,its

bottom, the-said engine block being i 'at 111, 56p

ly .slantingj .edge portion; and near iits bpttorn with a projection for,engagingr jthelower enlargement of the cylinder wallfithe; said engine block projection being. formediwith alow er sub stantialiy plain face'provided with a plurali small grooves therein, alock-nutfthreaded u n the lower end, of the cylinderQwalLthesaid loci;- nut being formed with a. ,number. of; f nsior en gagement with the said grooves insecuring the engine block ,andfcylinder wall together, triangular abutment ring mounted, at the,,,top between, the said. engineblockand cylinder i l 8,1, 1,- 2. The combination-with,an engine blocl z oi a, removable. cylinder wall formed with outwardly extending enlargements, 4 bottom, the said engine blockbeing' atits t p upon its inner I side formed ,with, an outwardly slanting edge, .portion, andnearits bottom with a projection adapted to. snugly .eng'age'the said lowerenlargement of the cylinder] wall, a triangular shaped Jcollar, mountedbetween the' en gine blo'ckand. the cylinder walL'the projection upon the engine block haying ,alowersubstan} gasket-rings arranged at the, joints above, and

below, and a plurality of fins formed upon,the said lock-nut and adapted iorengagem'ent with the depressions. in the said projection'jof thefengine block in securing-the latter to the cylinder wall, substantially as shown, and described. r ,RAYMOND DYMOCK.

e a r at its "top and near the uponits inne'rj side' formedwith an outward- 

